People from our group and from different group. Who are they?
Maryna
1. Uchi to Soto
うち と そと
When you talk to your boss about your お父さん or お母さん, say 父 or 母. My father and mother are my own family, in other words うち, and the superior’s family are not my family, in other words そと.
Attitudes and language are different between うち and そと. When thinking about these relationships, the most important thing is to understand which group you are currently in. The group you are in changes rapidly depending on the situation, so you have to judge the situation.
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Maryna
2. At the workplace
職場で
In your own company, use honorific language for your superiors and seniors. Use sonkeigo to describe your boss's actions, and use kenjogo to describe your own actions. In other words, you and superiors are in different groups.
However, when people from different companies come, the group's judgment changes dramatically. Groups are distinguished by “people from one's own company” and “people from a different company”. Then, your boss and you becomeうち, and people from different companies will be そと. For this reason, a people from a different company will be treated with sonkeigo, and the people from your company will be treated with kenjogo.
Not only the behavior, but also the way things and people are called will change. For example, we will refer to your company as 御社(おんしゃ) and our company as 弊社(へいしゃ). Inside the company, colleagues and superiors are called 中村さん and 田中社長. In front of customers, however, they are referred to as 中村, 田中 or 社長の田中.
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Maryna
3. Other examples
他の例
Now, let's consider a situation where your boss's family joins the conversation.
If you divide your boss, yourself, and your boss's family into three groups, your boss and Tanaka's family will be in the same group, and you will be in a different group. In other words, sonkeigo will be used for the behavior of the superior and the behavior of the superior's family, and kenjogo will be used for one's own actions.

When talking about your partner's parents, it's okay to use the words お父さん and お母さん, but when talking about your boss's parents, it's better to be more polite and say お父さま and お母さま. Also, regarding the other party's company, the words 御社(おんしゃ) and 記者(きしゃ) are used interchangeably, but 記者 is often used in written language. Words that are read in plain language, such as 住所, are generally suffixed with ご. Also, words with kun pronunciation, such as 名前, are generally given an お.
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Maryna
Do you use うち・そと concept in everyday life?
Share in the comments!
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